Journal:

Article Title: Hyperplastic gastric tumors induced by activated macrophages in COX-2/mPGES-1 transgenic mice

doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600170

Figure Lengend Snippet: Macrophage infiltration in the glandular stomach of K19-C2mE mice. (A) Immunostaining for macrophage marker F4/80 at 20 weeks of age. Arrows in wild type and NS-398-treated K19-C2mE indicate scarce macrophages. Numerous macrophages are found infiltrating in the ‘no-drug' control K19-C2mE mucosa. Note that a similar macrophage infiltration is still found even after the antibiotics treatment. Bars, 200 μm. (B) Relative chemotaxis index of RAW264 cells to CXCL14. Cells were cultured in the presence (circles) or absence (squares) of 1 μM PGE2 for 20 h prior to migration assays. *P<0.05 versus untreated control cells. (C) Double immunostaining for F4/80 (purple) and CXCL14 (brown) in the wild type (left) and K19-C2mE (right) at 20 weeks of age. Closed arrowheads indicate the CXCL14-expressing stromal cells, whereas open arrowheads show F4/80-positive macrophages. Bars, 100 μm. (D) Merged images of the double fluorescence immunostaining for F4/80 (red) and CD11c (green) (left), and MHC class II (red) and CD11c (green) (right). White arrowheads indicate double-positive cells (yellow). Bars, 50 μm. (E) Fluorescence immunostaining for CD3ɛ (green). Boundaries for mucosa (lamina propria) (M) and submucosa (SM) are drawn with a white dashed line. Bars, 200 μm.

Article Snippet: RAW264 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of 1 μM PGE 2 for 20 h. Then, cells (5 × 10 4 ) were added to the upper chamber, whereas recombinant mouse BRAK/CXCL14 (R&D systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) was added to the lower chamber at 0, 100 and 400 ng/ml.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Marker, Chemotaxis Assay, Cell Culture, Migration, Double Immunostaining, Expressing, Fluorescence